With a zoetrope picture disc, you can make animations visible on a vinyl record by filming the spinning record under sufficient lighting at 30fps. Youtube: Fruity Zoetrope Picturdisc
To view a zoetrope with the naked eye, a slotted disc is required.
YouTube: Use this method to view a zoetrope record with the naked eye.
For zoetrope records, the number of animation frames required depends directly on the playback speed (revolutions per minute, RPM) to accurately create the illusion.
For a lower speed such as 33 1/3 RPM, you generally need a different number of frames (e.g., 54 for a 30fps camera) than for a higher speed like 45 RPM (e.g., 40 for a 30fps camera) to achieve the same animation effect.
The reason lies in synchronization: each frame must appear in the “viewing window” (the moment of the camera frame) exactly as the record has rotated to the next frame position. This requires a precise match between the number of frames and the rotation speed.
Zoetrope frame count at 30fps (stationary image)turntable rpm | frame count |
33 1/3 | 54 frames |
45 | 40 frames |
78 | 23 frames |